Opening and closing files, various types of file modes, reading and writing to files, manipulating directories. Iterables, iterators and their problem solving applications.

Exception handling:
What is an exception, various keywords to handle exceptions such try, catch, except, else, finally, raise.

Regular Expressions:
Concept of regular expression, various types of regular expressions, using match function.

What is GUI, Advantages of GUI, Introduction to GUI library. Layout management, events and bindings, fonts, colours, drawing on canvas (line, oval, rectangle, etc.) Widgets such as : frame, label, button, checkbutton, entry, listbox, message, radiobutton, text, spinbox etc

Installing mysql connector, accessing connector module module, using connect, cursor, execute & close functions, reading single & multiple results of query execution, executing different types of statements, executing transactions, understanding exceptions in database connectivity.

Network connectivity:
Socket module, creating server-client programs, sending email, reading from URL

History of Linux, Philosophy, Community, Terminology, Distributions, Linux kernel vs distribution. Why learn Linux? Importance of Linux in software ecosystem: web servers, supercomputers, mobile, servers.

Installation:
Installation methods, Hands on Installation using CD/DVD or USB drive.

Linux Structure:
Linux Architecture, File system basics, The boot process, init scripts, run Levels, shutdown process, Very basic introductions to Linux processes, Packaging methods: rpm/deb, Graphical Vs Command line.

Session Management, Basic Desktop Operations, Network Management, Installing and Updating Software, Text editors: gedit, vi, vim, emacs, Graphics editors, Multimedia applications.

Command Line:
Command line mode options, Shells, Basic Commands, General Purpose Utilities, Installing Software, User management, Environment variables, Command aliases.

Linux Documentation:
man pages, GNU info, help command, More documentation sources.

File Operations:
Filesystem, Filesystem architecture, File types, File attributes, Working with files, Backup, compression.

Introduction, The Date Abstract Data Type, Bags, Iterators. Application

Arrays:
Array Structure, Python List, Two Dimensional Arrays, Matrix Abstract Data Type, Application.

Sets and Maps:
Sets-Set ADT, Selecting Data Structure, List based Implementation, Maps-Map ADT, List Based Implementation, Multi-Dimensional Arrays-Multi-Array ADT, Implementing Multiarrays, Application.

Algorithm Analysis:
Complexity Analysis-Big-O Notation, Evaluating Python Code, Evaluating Python List, Amortized Cost, Evaluating Set ADT, Application.

Searching and Sorting:
Searching-Linear Search, Binary Search, Sorting-Bubble, Selection and Insertion Sort, Working with Sorted Lists-Maintaining Sorted List, Maintaining sorted Lists.

Introduction, The Date Abstract Data Type, Bags, Iterators. Application

Arrays:
Array Structure, Python List, Two Dimensional Arrays, Matrix Abstract Data Type, Application.

Sets and Maps:
Sets-Set ADT, Selecting Data Structure, List based Implementation, Maps-Map ADT, List Based Implementation, Multi-Dimensional Arrays-Multi-Array ADT, Implementing Multiarrays, Application.

Algorithm Analysis:
Complexity Analysis-Big-O Notation, Evaluating Python Code, Evaluating Python List, Amortized Cost, Evaluating Set ADT, Application.

Searching and Sorting:
Searching-Linear Search, Binary Search, Sorting-Bubble, Selection and Insertion Sort, Working with Sorted Lists-Maintaining Sorted List, Maintaining sorted Lists.

Introduction, Singly Linked List-Traversing, Searching, Prepending and Removing Nodes, Bag ADT-Linked List Implementation. Comparing Implementations, Linked List Iterators, More Ways to Build Kinked Lists, Applications-Polynomials Stacks: Stack ADT, Implementing

Stacks:
Using Python List, Using Linked List, Stack Applications-Balanced Delimiters, Evaluating Postfix Expressions.

Queues:
Queue ADT, Implementing Queue-Using Python List, Circular Array, Using List, Priority Queues- Priority Queue ADT, Bounded and unbounded Priority Queues.

Advanced Linked List:
Doubly Linked Lists-Organization and Operation, Circular Linked List-Organization and Operation, Multi Lists.

Recursive Functions, Properties of Recursion, Its working, Recursive Applications.

Hash Table:
Introduction, Hashing-Linear Probing, Clustering, Rehashing, Separate Chaining, Hash Functions.

Advanced Sorting:
Merge Sort, Quick Sort, Radix Sort, Sorting Linked List.

Binary Trees:
Tree Structure, Binary Tree-Properties, Implementation and Traversals, Expression Trees, Heaps and Heap sort, Search Trees.

Review of Functions, limit of a function, continuity of a function, derivative function. Derivative In Graphing And Applications: Analysis of Functions: Increase, Decrease, Concavity, Relative Extrema; Graphing Polynomials, Rational Functions, Cusps and Vertical Tangents. Absolute Maxima and Minima, Applied Maximum and Minimum Problems, Newton’s Method.

An Overview of the Area Problem, Indefinite Integral, Definition of Area as a Limit; Sigma Notation, Definite Integral, Evaluating Definite Integrals by Substitution, Area Between Two Curves, Length of a Plane Curve. Numerical Integration: Simpson’s Rule. Modeling with Differential Equations, Separation of Variables, Slope Fields, Euler’s Method, FirstOrder Differential Equations and Applications.

Functions of Two or More Variables Limits and Continuity Partial Derivatives, Differentiability, Differentials, and Local Linearity, Chain Rule, Directional Derivatives and Gradients, Tangent Planes and Normal, Vectors, Maxima and Minima of Functions of Two Variables.

Standard distributions: random variable; discrete, continuous, expectation and variance of a random variable, pmf, pdf, cdf, reliability, Introduction and properties without proof for following distributions; binomial, normal, chi-square, t, F. Examples

one sided, two sided hypothesis, critical region, p-value, tests based on t, Normal and F, confidence intervals. Analysis of variance : one-way, two-way analysis of variance

Need of non-parametric tests, sign test, Wilicoxon’s signed rank test, run test, Kruskal-Walis tests. Post-hoc analysis of one-way analysis of variance : Duncan’s test Chi-square test of association

Introduction , Environmental Concerns and Sustainable Development, Environmental Impacts of IT, Green I , Holistic Approach to Greening IT, Greening IT, Applying IT for Enhancing Environmental Sustainability, Green IT Standards and Eco-Labelling of IT , Enterprise Green IT Strategy, Green Washing, Green IT: Burden or Opportunity?

Green Devices and Hardware: Introduction, Life Cycle of a Device or Hardware, Reuse, Recycle and Dispose

Green Software: Introduction, Processor Power States , Energy-Saving Software Techniques, Evaluating and Measuring Software Impact to Platform Power

Sustainable Software Development: Introduction, Current Practices, Sustainable Software, Software Sustainability Attributes, Software Sustainability Metrics, Sustainable Software Methodology, Defining Actions

Data Centres and Associated Energy Challenges, Data Centre IT Infrastructure, Data Centre Facility Infrastructure: Implications for Energy Efficiency, IT Infrastructure Management, Green Data Centre Metrics.

Green Data Storage:
Introduction,Storage Media Power Characteristics, Energy Management Techniques for Hard Disks, System-Level Energy Management

Green Networks and Communications:
Introduction, Objectives of Green Network Protocols, Green Network Protocols and Standards

Enterprise Green IT Strategy:
Introduction, Approaching Green IT Strategies, Business Drivers of Green IT Strategy, Business Dimensions for Green IT Transformation, Organizational Considerations in a Green IT Strategy, Steps in Developing a Green IT Strategy, Metrics and Measurements in Green Strategies.

Introduction, Multilevel Sustainable Information, Sustainability Hierarchy Models, Product Level Information, Individual Level Information, Functional Level Information, Organizational Level Information, Measuring the Maturity of Sustainable ICT

Enterprise Green IT Readiness:
Introduction, Readiness and Capability, Development of the G-Readiness Framework, Measuring an Organization's G-Readiness

Sustainable IT Services:
Creating a Framework for Service Innovation: Introduction, Factors Driving the Development of Sustainable IT, Sustainable IT Services (SITS), SITS Strategic Framework.

Green Enterprises and the Role of IT:
Introduction, Organizational and Enterprise Greening, Information Systems in Greening Enterprises, Greening the Enterprise: IT Usage and Hardware, Inter-organizational Enterprise Activities and Green Issues.

Introduction:
Features of Java, Java programming format, Java Tokens, Java Statements, Java Data Types, Typecasting, Arrays

OOPS:
Introduction, Class, Object, Static Keywords, Constructors, this Key Word, Inheritance, super Key Word, Polymorphism (overloading and overriding), Abstraction, Encapsulation, Abstract Classes, Interfaces

String Manipulations:
String, String Buffer, String Tokenizer Packages: Introduction to predefined packages (java.lang, java.util, java.io, java.sql, java.swing), User Defined Packages, Access specifiers

Exception Handling:
Introduction, Pre-Defined Exceptions, Try-Catch-Finally, Throws, throw, User Defined Exception examples

Multithreading:
Thread Creations, Thread Life Cycle, Life Cycle Methods, Synchronization, Wait() notify() notify all() methods.

I/O Streams:
Introduction, Byte-oriented streams, Character- oriented streams, File, Random access File, Serialization Networking: Introduction, Socket, Server socket, Client –Server Communication

Wrapper Classes:
Introduction, Operations on the Stack Memory Representation of Stack, Array Representation of Stack, Applications of Stack, Evaluation of Arithmetic Expression, Matching Parenthesis, infix and postfix operations, Recursion.

Inner Classes:
Introduction, Member inner class, Static inner class, Local inner class, Anonymous inner class

AWT:
Introduction, Components, Event-Delegation-Model, Listeners, Layouts, Individual components Label, Button, CheckBox, Radio Button, Choice, List, Menu, Text Field, Text Area.

Definition of Operating system, Operating System’s role, Operating-System Operations, Functions of Operating System, Computing Environments

Operating-System Structures:
Operating-System Services, User and Operating-System Interface, System Calls, Types of System Calls, Operating-System Structure

Processes:
Process Concept, Process Scheduling, Operations on Processes, Interprocess Communication

Threads:
Overview, Multicore Programming, Multithreading Models.

General structure of a typical process, race condition, The Critical-Section Problem, Peterson’s Solution, Synchronization Hardware, Mutex Locks, Semaphores, Classic Problems of Synchronization, Monitors.

CPU Scheduling:
Basic Concepts, Scheduling Criteria, Scheduling Algorithms (FCFS, SJF, SRTF, Priority, RR, Multilevel Queue Scheduling, Multilevel Feedback Queue Scheduling), Thread Scheduling.

Deadlocks:
System Model, Deadlock Characterization, Methods for Handling Deadlocks, Deadlock Prevention, Deadlock Avoidance, Deadlock Detection, Recovery from Deadlock

Background, Logical address space, Physical address space, MMU, Swapping, Contiguous Memory Allocation, Segmentation, Paging, Structure of the Page Table.

Virtual Memory:
Background, Demand Paging, Copy-on-Write, Page Replacement, Allocation of Frames, Thrashing.

Mass-Storage Structure:
Overview, Disk Structure, Disk Scheduling, Disk Management.

File-System Interface:
File Concept, Access Methods, Directory and Disk Structure, File-System Mounting, File Sharing.

File-System Implementation:
File-System Structure, File-System Implementation, Directory Implementation, Allocation Methods, Free-Space Management.

Stored Procedures:
Types and benefits of stored procedures, creating stored procedures, executing stored procedures, altering stored procedures, viewing stored procedures.

Triggers:
Concept of triggers, Implementing triggers – creating triggers, Insert, delete, and update triggers, nested triggers, viewing, deleting and modifying triggers, and enforcing data integrity through triggers.

Sequences:
Creating sequences, referencing, altering and dropping a sequence.

File Organization and Indexing:
Cluster, Primary and secondary indexing, Index data structure: hash and Tree based indexing, Comparison of file organization: cost model, Heap files, sorted files, clustered files. Creating, dropping and maintaining indexes.

Fundamentals of PL/SQL:
Defining variables and constants, PL/SQL expressions and comparisons: Logical Operators, Boolean Expressions, CASE Expressions Handling, Null Values in Comparisons and Conditional Statements, PL/SQL Datatypes: Number Types, Character Types, Boolean Type, Datetime and Interval Types.

Overview of PL/SQL Control Structures:
Conditional Control: IF and CASE Statements, IF-THEN Statement, IF-THEN-ELSE Statement, IFTHEN-ELSIF Statement, CASE Statement, Iterative Control: LOOP and EXIT Statements, WHILE-LOOP, FOR-LOOP, Sequential Control: GOTO and NULL Statements.

Transaction Management:
ACID Properties, Serializability, Two-phase Commit Protocol, Concurrency Control, Lock Management, Lost Update Problem, Inconsistent Read Problem , Read-Write Locks, Deadlocks Handling, Two Phase Locking protocol.

DCL Statements:
Defining a transaction, Making Changes Permanent with COMMIT, Undoing Changes with ROLLBACK, Undoing Partial Changes with SAVEPOINT and ROLLBACK

Crash Recovery:
ARIES algorithm. The log based recovery, recovery related structures like transaction and dirty page table, Write-ahead log protocol, check points, recovery from a system crash, Redo and Undo phases.

Introduction to Combinatorics:
Enumeration, Combinatorics and Graph Theory/ Number Theory/Geometry and Optimization, Sudoku Puzzles.

Strings, Sets, and Binomial Coefficients:
Strings- A First Look, Combinations, Combinatorial, the Ubiquitous Nature of Binomial Coefficients, The Binomial, Multinomial Coefficients.

Induction:
Introduction, The Positive Integers are Well Ordered, The Meaning of Statements, Binomial Coefficients Revisited, Solving Combinatorial Problems Recursively, Mathematical Induction, and Inductive Definitions Proofs by Induction. Strong Induction

Graph Theory:
Basic Notation and Terminology, Multigraphs: Loops and Multiple Edges, Eulerian and Hamiltonian Graphs, Graph Coloring, Planar Counting, Labeled Trees, A Digression into Complexity Theory. Applying Probability to Combinatorics, Small Ramsey Numbers, Estimating Ramsey Numbers, Applying Probability to Ramsey Theory, Ramsey’s Theorem The Probabilistic Method.

Network Flows:
Basic Notation and Terminology, Flows and Cuts, Augmenting Paths, The Ford-Fulkerson Labeling Algorithm A Concrete Example, Integer Solutions of Linear Programming Problems. Combinatorial Applications of Network Flows: Introduction, Matching in Bipartite Graphs, Chain partitioning, Pólya’s Enumeration Theorem: Coloring the Vertices of a Square.

SoC and Raspberry Pi:
System on Chip: What is System on chip? Structure of System on Chip.

SoC products:
FPGA, GPU, APU, Compute Units

ARM 8 Architecture:
SoC on ARM 8. ARM 8 Architecture Introduction.

Introduction to Raspberry Pi:
Introduction to Raspberry Pi, Raspberry Pi Hardware, Preparing your raspberry Pi.

Raspberry Pi Boot:
Learn how this small SoC boots without BIOS. Configuring boot sequences and hardware.

Raspberry Pi and Linux :
About Raspbian, Linux Commands, Configuring Raspberry Pi with Linux Commands Programing interfaces: Introduction to Node.js, Python.

Raspberry Pi Interfaces:
UART, GPIO, I2C, SPI

Useful Implementations:
Cross Compilation, Pulse Width Modulation, SPI for Camera.

What is IoT? IoT examples, Simple IoT LED Program:
IoT and Protocols

IoT Security:
HTTP, UPnp, CoAP, MQTT, XMPP.

IoT Service as a Platform:
Clayster, Thinger.io, SenseIoT, carriots and Node RED.

IoT Security and Interoperability:
Risks, Modes of Attacks, Tools for Security and Interoperability.

HTML5:
Fundamental Elements of HTML, Formatting Text in HTML, Organizing Text in HTML, Links and URLs in HTML, Tables in HTML, Images on a Web Page, Image Formats, Image Maps, Colors, FORMs in HTML, Interactive Elements, Working with Multimedia - Audio and Video File Formats, HTML elements for inserting Audio / Video on a web page
CSS: Understanding the Syntax of CSS, CSS Selectors, Inserting CSS in an HTML Document, CSS properties to work with background of a Page, CSS properties to work with Fonts and Text Styles, CSS properties for positioning an element.

JavaScript:
Using JavaScript in an HTML Document, Programming Fundamentals of JavaScript – Variables, Operators, Control Flow Statements, Popup Boxes, Functions – Defining and Invoking a Function, Defining Function arguments, Defining a Return Statement, Calling Functions with Timer, JavaScript Objects - String, RegExp, Math, Date, Browser Objects - Window, Navigator, History, Location, Document, Cookies, Document Object Model, Form Validation using JavaScript.

XML:
Comparing XML with HTML, Advantages and Disadvantages of XML, Structure of an XML Document, XML Entity References, DTD, XSLT: XSLT Elements and Attributes - xsl:template, xsl:apply-templates, xsl:import, xsl:call-template, xsl:include, xsl:element, xsl:attribute, e xsl:attribute-set, xsl:value-of.

AJAX:
AJAX Web Application Model, How AJAX Works, XMLHttpRequest Object – Properties and Methods, Handling asynchronous requests using AJAX.

PHP:
Variables and Operators, Program Flow, Arrays, Working with Files and Directories, Working with Databases, Working with Cookies, Sessions and Headers.

Introduction to jQuery:
Fundamentals, Selectors, methods to access HTML attributes, methods for traversing, manipulators, events, effects.

Swing:
Need for swing components, Difference between AWT and swing, Components hierarchy, Panes, Swing components: Jlabel, JTextField and JPasswordField, JTextAres, JButton, JCheckBox, JRadioButton, JComboBox and JList

JDBC:
Introduction, JDBC Architecture, Types of Drivers, Statement, ResultSet, Read Only ResultSet, Updatable ResultSet, Forward Only ResultSet, Scrollable ResultSet, PreparedStatement, Connection Modes, SavePoint, Batch Updations, CallableStatement, BLOB & CLOB.

Servlets:
Introduction, Web application Architecture, Http Protocol & Http Methods, Web Server & Web Container, Servlet Interface, GenericServlet, HttpServlet, Servlet Life Cycle, ServletConfig, ServletContext, Servlet Communication, Session Tracking Mechanisms.

JSP:
Introduction, JSP LifeCycle, JSP Implicit Objects & Scopes, JSP Directives, JSP Scripting Elements, JSP Actions: Standard actions and customized actions.

Java Beans:
Introduction, JavaBeans Properties, Examples.

Struts 2:
Basic MVC Architecture, Struts 2 framework features, Struts 2 MVC pattern, Request life cycle, Examples, Configuration Files, Actions, Interceptors, Results & Result Types, Value Stack/OGNL.

JSON:
Overview, Syntax, DataTypes, Objects, Schema, Comparison with XML, JSON with Java.

Introduction Network Models:
Introduction to data communication, Components, Data Representation, Data Flow, Networks, Network Criteria, Physical Structures, Network types, Local Area Network, Wide Area Network, Switching, The Internet, Accessing the Internet, standards and administration Internet Standards. Network Models, Protocol layering, Scenarios, Principles of Protocol Layering, Logical Connections, TCP/IP Protocol Suite, Layered Architecture, Layers in the TCP/IP Protocol Suite, Encapsulation and Decapsulation, Addressing, Multiplexing and Demultiplexing. Detailed introduction to Physical Layer, Detailed introduction to Data-Link Layer, Detailed introduction to Network Layer, Detailed introduction to Transport Layer, Detailed introduction to Application Layer. Data and Signals, Analog and Digital Data, Analog and Digital Signals, Sine Wave Phase, Wavelength, Time and Frequency Domains, Composite Signals, Bandwidth, Digital Signal, Bit Rate, Bit Length, Transmission of Digital Signals, Transmission Impairments, Attenuation, Distortion, Noise, Data Rate Limits, Performance, Bandwidth, Throughput, Latency (Delay).

Introduction to Physical Layer and Data-Link Layer:
Digital Transmission digital-to-digital conversion, Line Coding, Line Coding Schemes, analog-to-digital conversion, Pulse Code Modulation (PCM), Transmission Modes, Parallel Transmission, Serial Transmission. Analog Transmission, digital-to-analog Conversion, Aspects of Digital-to-Analog Conversion, Amplitude Shift Keying, Frequency Shift Keying, Phase Shift Keying, analog-to-analog Conversion, Amplitude Modulation (AM), Frequency Modulation (FM), Phase Modulation (PM), Multiplexing, Frequency-Division Multiplexing, Wavelength-Division Multiplexing, Time-Division Multiplexing. Transmission Media, Guided Media, Twisted-Pair Cable, Coaxial Cable, Fiber-Optic Cable. Switching, Three Methods of Switching, Circuit Switched Networks, Packet Switching, Introduction to Data-Link Layer, Nodes and Links, Services, Two Sub-layers, Three Types of addresses, Address Resolution Protocol (ARP). Error Detection and Correction, introduction, Types of Errors, Redundancy, Detection versus Correction

Network layer, Transport Layer
Media Access Control (MAC), random access, CSMA, CSMA/CD, CSMA/CA, controlled access, Reservation, Polling, Token Passing, channelization, FDMA, TDMA, CDMA.

Connecting Devices and Virtual LANs, connecting devices, Hubs, Link-Layer Switches, Routers, Introduction to Network Layer, network layer services, Packetizing, Routing and Forwarding, Other Services, IPv4 addresses, Address Space, Classful Addressing.

Unicast Routing, General Idea, Least-Cost Routing, Routing Algorithms, Distance-Vector Routing, Link-State Routing, Path-Vector Routing, Introduction to Transport Layer, Transport-Layer Services, Connectionless and Connection-Oriented Protocols.

Transport-Layer Protocols, Service, Port Numbers, User Datagram Protocol, User Datagram, UDP Services, UDP Applications, Transmission Control Protocol, TCP Services, TCP Features, Segment.

Introduction:
The Nature of Software, Software Engineering, The Software Process, Generic Process Model, The Waterfall Model, Incremental Process Models, Evolutionary Process Models, Concurrent Models, Component-Based Development, The Unified Process Phases, Agile Development- Agility, Agile Process, Extreme Programming.

Requirement Analysis and System Modeling:
Requirements Engineering, Eliciting Requirements, SRS Validation, Components of SRS, Characteristics of SRS, Object-oriented design using the UML - Class diagram, Object diagram, Use case diagram, Sequence diagram, Collaboration diagram, State chart diagram, Activity diagram, Component diagram, Deployment diagram.

System Design:
System/Software Design, Architectural Design, Low-Level Design Coupling and Cohesion, Functional-Oriented Versus The Object-Oriented Approach, Design Specifications, Verification for Design, Monitoring and Control for Design.

Software Measurement and Metrics:
Product Metrics – Measures, Metrics, and Indicators, Function-Based Metrics, Metrics for Object-Oriented Design, Operation-Oriented Metrics, User Interface Design Metrics, Metrics for Source Code, Halstead Metrics Applied to Testing, Metrics for Maintenance, Cyclomatic Complexity, Software Measurement - Size-Oriented, Function-Oriented Metrics, Metrics for Software Quality.

Software Project Management:
Estimation in Project Planning Process –Software Scope And Feasibility, Resource Estimation, Empirical Estimation Models – COCOMO II, Estimation for Agile Development, The Make/Buy Decision

Project Scheduling:
Basic Principles, Relationship between People and Effort, Effort Distribution, Time-Line Charts

Risk Management :
Software Risks, Risk Identification, Risk Projection and Risk Refinement, RMMM Plan.

Software Quality Assurance:
Elements of SQA, SQA Tasks, Goals, and Metrics, Formal Approaches to SQA, Six Sigma, Software Reliability, The ISO 9000 Quality Standards, Capability Maturity Model.

Software Testing:
Verification and Validation, Introduction to Testing, Testing Principles, Testing Objectives, Test Oracles, Levels of Testing, White-Box Testing/Structural Testing, Functional/Black-Box Testing, Test Plan, Test-Case Design.

Field:
Introduction to complex numbers, numbers in Python , Abstracting over fields, Playing with GF(2), Vector Space: Vectors are functions, Vector addition, Scalar-vector multiplication, Combining vector addition and scalar multiplication, Dictionary-based representations of vectors, Dot-product, Solving a triangular system of linear equations. Linear combination, Span, The geometry of sets of vectors, Vector spaces, Linear systems, homogeneous and otherwise.

Matrix:
Matrices as vectors, Transpose, Matrix-vector and vector-matrix multiplication in terms of linear combinations, Matrix-vector multiplication in terms of dot-products, Null space, Computing sparse matrix-vector product, Linear functions, Matrix-matrix multiplication, Inner product and outer product, From function inverse to matrix inverse.

Basis:
Coordinate systems, Two greedy algorithms for finding a set of generators, Minimum Spanning Forest and GF(2), Linear dependence, Basis , Unique representation, Change of basis, first look, Computational problems involving finding a basis.

Dimension:
Dimension and rank, Direct sum, Dimension and linear functions, The annihilator.

Gaussian elimination:
Echelon form, Gaussian elimination over GF (2), Solving a matrix-vector equation using Gaussian elimination, Finding a basis for the null space, Factoring integers

Inner Product:
The inner product for vectors over the reals, Orthogonality.

Orthogonalization:
Projection orthogonal to multiple vectors, Projecting orthogonal to mutually orthogonal vectors, Building an orthogonal set of generators, Orthogonal complement,
Eigenvector: Modeling discrete dynamic processes, Diagonalization of the Fibonacci matrix, Eigenvalues and eigenvectors, Coordinate representation in terms of eigenvectors, The Internet worm, Existence of eigenvalues, Markov chains, Modeling a web surfer: PageRank.

The .NET Framework:
.NET Languages, Common Language Runtime, .NET Class Library.

C# Language Basics:
Comments, Variables and Data Types, Variable Operations, Object-Based Manipulation, Conditional Logic, Loops, Methods, Classes, Value Types and Reference Types, Namespaces and Assemblies, Inheritance, Static Members, Casting Objects, Partial Classes.

ASP.NET:
Creating Websites, Anatomy of a Web Form - Page Directive, Doctype, Writing Code - Code-Behind Class, Adding Event Handlers, Anatomy of an ASP.NET Application - ASP.NET File Types, ASP.NET Web Folders.

HTML Server Controls:
View State, HTML Control Classes, HTML Control Events, HtmlControl Base Class, HtmlContainerControl Class, HtmlInputControl Class, Page Class, global.asax File, web.config File.

Web Controls:
Web Control Classes, WebControl Base Class, List Controls, Table Controls, Web Control Events and AutoPostBack, Page Life Cycle.

State Management:
ViewState, Cross-Page Posting, Query String, Cookies, Session State, Configuring Session State, Application State.

Validation:
Validation Controls, Server-Side Validation, Client-Side Validation, HTML5 Validation, Manual Validation, Validation with Regular Expressions.

Rich Controls:
Calendar Control, AdRotator Control, MultiView Control.

Themes and Master Pages:
How Themes Work, Applying a Simple Theme, Handling Theme Conflicts, Simple Master Page and Content Page, Connecting Master pages and Content Pages, Master Page with Multiple Content Regions, Master Pages and Relative Paths

Website Navigation:
Site Maps, URL Mapping and Routing, SiteMapPath Control, TreeView Control, Menu Control.

ADO.NET:
Data Provider Model, Direct Data Access - Creating a Connection, Select Command, DataReader, Disconnected Data Access.

Data Binding:
Introduction, Single-Value Data Binding, Repeated-Value Data Binding, Data Source Controls – SqlDataSource.

Data Controls:
GridView, DetailsView, FormView

Working with XML:
XML Classes – XMLTextWriter, XMLTextReader.

Caching:
When to Use Caching, Output Caching, Data Caching.

LINQ:
Understanding LINQ, LINQ Basics.

ASP.NET AJAX:
ScriptManager, Partial Refreshes, Progress Notification, Timed Refreshes

What is Android:
Obtaining the required tools, creating first android app, understanding the components of screen, adapting display orientation, action bar, Activities and Intents, Activity Lifecycle and Saving State, Basic Views: TextView, Button, ImageButton, EditText, CheckBox, ToggleButton, RadioButton, and RadioGroup Views, ProgressBar View, AutoCompleteTextView, TimePicker View, DatePicker View, ListView View, Spinner View.

User Input Controls:
User Input Controls, Menus, Screen Navigation, RecyclerView, Drawables, Themes and Styles, Material design, Providing resources for adaptive layouts, AsyncTask and AsyncTaskLoader, Connecting to the Internet, Broadcast receivers, Services, Notifications, Alarm managers, Transferring data efficiently.

Data :
Data - saving, retrieving, and loading: Overview to storing data, Shared preferences, SQLite primer, store data using SQLite database, ContentProviders, loaders to load and display data, Permissions, performance and security, Firebase and AdMob, Publish your app.

Introduction:
Technical Summary of Linux Distributions, Managing Software

Single-Host Administration:
Managing Users and Groups, Booting and shutting down processes, File Systems, Core System Services, Process of configuring, compiling, Linux Kernel

Networking and Security:
TCP/IP for System Administrators, basic network Configuration, Linux Firewall (Netfilter), System and network security

Internet Services Domain Name System (DNS), File Transfer Protocol (FTP), Apache web server, Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP), Post Office Protocol and Internet Mail Access Protocol (POP and IMAP), Secure Shell (SSH), Network Authentication, OpenLDAP Server, Samba and LDAP, Network authentication system (Kerberos), Domain Name Service (DNS), Security.

Intranet Services:
Network File System (NFS), Samba, Distributed File Systems (DFS), Network Information Service (NIS), Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP), Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP), MySQL, LAMP Applications File Servers, Email Services, Chat Applications, Virtual Private Networking.

Practical:
- Practical shall be performed using any Linux Server (with 8GB RAM).
- Internet connection will be required so that Linux server (command line mode) can be connected to Internet.
1. Install DHCP Server in Ubuntu 16.04
2. Initial settings: Add a User, Network Settings, Change to static IP address, Disable IPv6 if not needed, Configure Services, display the list of services which are running, Stop and turn OFF auto-start setting for a service if you don’t need it, Sudo Settings
3. Configure NTP Server (NTPd), Install and Configure NTPd, Configure NTP Client (Ubuntu and Windows)
4. SSH Server : Password Authentication Configure SSH Server to manage a server from the remote computer, SSH Client : (Ubuntu and Windows)
5. Install DNS Server BIND, Configure DNS server which resolves domain name or IP address, Install BIND 9, Configure BIND, Limit ranges you allow to access if needed.
6. Configure DHCP Server, Configure DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) Server, Configure NFS Server to share directories on your Network, Configure NFS Client. (Ubuntu and Windows Client OS)
7. Configure LDAP Server, Configure LDAP Server in order to share users' accounts in your local networks, Add LDAP User Accounts in the OpenLDAP Server, Configure LDAP Client in order to share users' accounts in your local networks. Install phpLDAPadmin to operate LDAP server via Web browser.
8. Configure NIS Server in order to share users' accounts in your local networks, Configure NIS Client to bind NIS Server.
9. Install MySQL to configure database server, Install phpMyAdmin to operate MySQL on web browser from Clients.
10. Install Samba to share folders or files between Windows and Linux.

Software Testing and Introduction to quality :
Introduction, Nature of errors, an example for Testing, Definition of Quality , QA, QC, QM and SQA , Software Development Life Cycle, Software Quality Factors.

Verification and Validation :
Definition of V &V , Different types of V & V Mechanisms, Concepts of Software Reviews, Inspection and Walkthrough.

Software Testing Techniques:
Testing Fundamentals, Test Case Design, White Box Testing and its types, Black Box Testing and its types

Software Testing Strategies:
Strategic Approach to Software Testing, Unit Testing, Integration Testing, Validation Testing, System Testing

Software Metrics:
Concept and Developing Metrics, Different types of Metrics, Complexity metrics

Defect Management:
Definition of Defects, Defect Management Process, Defect Reporting, Metrics Related to Defects, Using Defects for Process Improvement.

Software Quality Assurance:
Quality Concepts, Quality Movement, Background Issues, SQA activities, Software Reviews, Formal Technical Reviews, Formal approaches to SQA, Statistical Quality Assurance, Software Reliability, The ISO 9000 Quality Standards, SQA Plan , Six sigma, Informal Reviews

Quality Improvement:
Introduction, Pareto Diagrams, Cause-effect Diagrams, Scatter Diagrams, Run charts

Quality Costs:
Defining Quality Costs, Types of Quality Costs, Quality Cost Measurement, Utilizing Quality Costs for Decision-Making

Practical
1. Install Selenium IDE; Write a test suite containing minimum 4 test cases for different formats.
2. Conduct a test suite for any two web sites.
3. Install Selenium server (Selenium RC) and demonstrate it using a script in Java/PHP.
4. Write and test a program to login a specific web page.
5. Write and test a program to update 10 student records into table into Excel file.
6. Write and test a program to select the number of students who have scored more than 60 in any one subject (or all subjects).
7. Write and test a program to provide total number of objects present / available on the page.
8. Write and test a program to get the number of items in a list / combo box.
9. Write and test a program to count the number of check boxes on the page checked and unchecked count.
10. Load Testing using JMeter, Android Application testing using Appium Tools, Bugzilla Bug tracking tools.

Introduction:
Security Trends, The OSI Security Architecture, Security Attacks, Security Services, Security Mechanisms

Classical Encryption Techniques :
Symmetric Cipher Model, Substitution Techniques, Transposition Techniques, Steganography, Block Cipher Principles, The Data Encryption Standard, The Strength of DES, AES (round details not expected), Multiple Encryption and Triple DES, Block Cipher Modes of Operation, Stream Ciphers.

Public-Key Cryptography and RSA:
Principles of Public-Key Cryptosystems, The RSA Algorithm

Key Management
Public-Key Cryptosystems, Key Management, Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange

Message Authentication and Hash Functions
Authentication Requirements, Authentication Functions, Message Authentication Codes, Hash Functions, Security of Hash Functions and Macs, Secure Hash Algorithm, HMAC

Digital Signatures and Authentication
Digital Signatures, Authentication Protocols, Digital Signature Standard

Authentication Applications:
Kerberos, X.509 Authentication, Public-Key Infrastructure

Electronic Mail Security:
Pretty Good Privacy, S/MIME IP Security: Overview, Architecture, Authentication Header, Encapsulating Security Payload, Combining Security Associations, Key Management

Web Security:
Web Security Considerations, Secure Socket Layer and Transport Layer Security, Secure Electronic Transaction

Intrusion:
Intruders, Intrusion Techniques, Intrusion Detection

Malicious Software:
Viruses and Related Threats, Virus Countermeasures, DDOS

Firewalls:
Firewall Design Principles, Types of Firewalls

Practical :
1. Write programs to implement the following Substitution Cipher Techniques:
- Caesar Cipher
- Monoalphabetic Cipher
2. Write programs to implement the following Substitution Cipher Techniques:
- Vernam Cipher
- Playfair Cipher
3. Write programs to implement the following Transposition Cipher Techniques:
- Rail Fence Cipher
- Simple Columnar Technique
4. Write program to encrypt and decrypt strings using
- DES Algorithm
- AES Algorithm
5. Write a program to implement RSA algorithm to perform encryption / decryption of a given string.
6. Write a program to implement the Diffie-Hellman Key Agreement algorithm to generate symmetric keys.
7. Write a program to implement the MD5 algorithm compute the message digest.
8. Write a program to calculate HMAC-SHA1 Signature.
9. Write a program to implement SSL.
10. Configure Windows Firewall to block:
- A port
- An Program
- A website

IoT-An Architectural Overview:
Building architecture, Main design principles and needed capabilities, An IoT architecture outline, standards considerations.

IoT Architecture-State of the Art:
Introduction, State of the art, Reference Model and architecture, IoT reference Model - IoT Reference Architecture Introduction, Functional View, Information View, Deployment and Operational View, Other Relevant architectural views.

IoT Data Link Layer and Network Layer Protocols:
PHY/MAC Layer(3GPP MTC, IEEE 802.11, IEEE 802.15), Wireless HART,Z-Wave, Bluetooth Low Energy, Zigbee Smart Energy DASH7 Network Layer:IPv4, IPv6, 6LoWPAN, 6TiSCH,ND, DHCP, ICMP, RPL, CORPL, CARP

Transport layer protocols:
Transport Layer (TCP, MPTCP, UDP, DCCP, SCTP)-(TLS, DTLS)

Session layer:
Session Layer-HTTP, CoAP, XMPP, AMQP, MQTT

Service layer protocols:
Service Layer -oneM2M, ETSI M2M, OMA, BBF

Practical:
1. a) Edit text files with nano and cat editor, Learn sudo privileges and Unix shell commands such as cd , ls , cat, etc
b) Learn to set dynamic and static IP. Connect to and Ethernet and WiFi network. Learn to vnc and ssh into a raspberry pi using vnc and putty from a different computer on the network.
c) Write a basic bash script to open programs in kiosk mode. Learn how to autostart programs on boot.
2. Run the node red editor and run simple programs and trigger gpios. Use basic nodes such as inject, debug, gpio
3. Open the python idle editor and run simple Python scripts such as to print Fibonacci numbers, string functions. Learn how to install modules using Pip and write functions
4. Setup a physical button switch and trigger an led in node red and python w debounce
5. Write simple JavaScript functions in Node-Red simple HTTP server page using node red
6. Setup a TCP server and client on a raspberry pi using Python modules to send messages and execute shell commands from within python such as starting another application
7. Trigger a set of led Gpios on the pi via a Python Flask web server
8. Interface the raspberry pi with a 16x2 LCD display and print values.
9. Setup a Mosquitto MQTT server and client and write a Python script to communicate data between Pi's.
10. Interface with an Accelerometer Gyro Mpu6050 on the i2c bus and send sensor values over the internet via mqtt.

Web services basics :
What Are Web Services? Types of Web Services Distributed computing infrastructure, overview of XML, SOAP, Building Web Services with JAX-WS, Registering and Discovering Web Services, Service Oriented Architecture, Web Services Development Life Cycle, Developing and consuming simple Web Services across platform.

The REST Architectural style :
Introducing HTTP, The core architectural elements of a RESTful system, Description and discovery of RESTful web services, Java tools and frameworks for building RESTful web services, JSON message format and tools and frameworks around JSON, Build RESTful web services with JAX-RS APIs, The Description and Discovery of RESTful Web Services, Design guidelines for building RESTful web services, Secure RESTful web Services.

Developing Service-Oriented Applications with WCF:
What Is Windows Communication Foundation, Fundamental Windows Communication Foundation Concepts, Windows Communication Foundation Architecture, WCF and .NET Framework Client Profile, Basic WCF Programming, WCF Feature Details. Web Service QoS

Practical:
1. Write a program to implement to create a simple web service that converts the temperature from Fahrenheit to Celsius and vice a versa.
2. Write a program to implement the operation can receive request and will return a response in two ways. a) One - Way operation b) Request –Response
3. Write a program to implement business UDDI Registry entry.
4. Develop client which consumes web services developed in different platform.
5. Write a JAX-WS web service to perform the following operations. Define a Servlet / JSP that consumes the web service.
6. Define a web service method that returns the contents of a database in a JSON string. The contents should be displayed in a tabular format.
7. Define a RESTful web service that accepts the details to be stored in a database and performs CRUD operation.
8. Implement a typical service and a typical client using WCF.
9. Use WCF to create a basic ASP.NET Asynchronous JavaScript and XML (AJAX) service.
10. Demonstrates using the binding attribute of an endpoint element in WCF.

Cartesian Coordinate system :
The Cartesian XY-plane, Function Graphs, Geometric Shapes, Polygonal Shapes, Areas of Shapes, Theorem of Pythagoras in 2D, Coordinates, Theorem of Pythagoras in 3D, 3D Polygons, Euler’s Rule.

Vectors :
Vector Manipulation, multiplying a Vector by a Scalar, Vector Addition and Subtraction, Position Vectors, Unit Vectors, Cartesian Vectors, Vector Multiplication, Scalar Product, Example of the Dot Product, The Dot Product in Lighting Calculations, The Dot Product in Back-Face Detection, The Vector Product, The Right-Hand Rule, deriving a Unit Normal Vector for a Triangle Areas, Calculating 2D Areas.

Transformations :
2D Transformations, Matrices, Homogeneous Coordinates, 3D Transformations, Change of Axes, Direction Cosines, rotating a Point about an Arbitrary Axis, Transforming Vectors, Determinants, Perspective Projection, Interpolation.

DirectX :
Understanding GPU and GPU architectures. How they are different from CPU Architectures? Understanding how to solve by GPU?

Introduction To DirectX 11 :
COM, Textures and Resources Formats, The swap chain and Page flipping, Depth Buffering, Texture Resource Views, Multisampling Theory and MS in Direct3D, Feature Levels.

Direct3D 11 Rendering Pipeline :
Overview, Input Assembler Stage (IA), Vertex Shader Stage (VS), The Tessellation Stage (TS), Geometry Shader Stage (GS), Pixel Shader Stage (PS), Output merger Stage (OM) Understanding Meshes or Objects, Texturing, Lighting, Blending.

Interpolation and Character Animation :
Trigonometry:
The Trigonometric Ratios, Inverse Trigonometric Ratios, Trigonometric Relationships, The Sine Rule, The Cosine Rule, Compound Angles, Perimeter Relationships.

Interpolation:
Linear Interpolant, Non-Linear Interpolation, Trigonometric Interpolation, Cubic Interpolation, Interpolating Vectors, Interpolating Quaternions. Curves: Circle, Bezier, B-Splines.

Analytic Geometry:
Review of Geometry, 2D Analytic Geometry, Intersection Points, Point in Triangle, and Intersection of circle with straight line.

Introduction to Rendering Engines:
Understanding the current market Rendering Engines. Understanding AR, VR and MR.Depth Mappers, Mobile Phones, Smart Glasses, HMD’s.

Unity Engine:
Multi-platform publishing, VR + AR: Introduction and working in Unity, 2D, Graphics, Physics, Scripting, Animation, Timeline, Multiplayer and Networking, UI, Navigation and Pathfinding, XR, Publishing.
Scripting: Scripting Overview, Scripting Tools and Event Overview XR: VR, AR, MR, Conceptual Differences. SDK, Devices

Practical:
1. Setup DirectX 11, Window Framework and Initialize Direct3D Device
2. Buffers, Shaders and HLSL (Draw a triangle using Direct3D 11)
3. Texturing (Texture the Triangle using Direct 3D 11)
4. Lightning (Programmable Diffuse Lightning using Direct3D 11)
5. Specular Lightning (Programmable Spot Lightning using Direct3D 11)
6.Loading models into DirectX 11 and rendering.

Introduction to Cloud Computing:
Introduction to Cloud Computing, Characteristics and benefits of Cloud Computing, Basic concepts of Distributed Systems, Web 2.0, Service-Oriented Computing, Utility-Oriented Computing. Elements of Parallel Computing. Elements of Distributed Computing. Technologies for Distributed Computing. Cloud Computing Architecture. The cloud reference model. Infrastructure as a service. Platform as a service. Software as a service. Types of clouds.

Virtualization and Cloud Computing
Characteristics of Virtualized Environments. Taxonomy of Virtualization Techniques. Virtualization and Cloud Computing. Pros and Cons of Virtualization. Virtualization using KVM, Creating virtual machines, oVirt - management tool for virtualization environment. Open challenges of Cloud Computing.

Introduction to OpenStack:
Introduction to OpenStack, OpenStack test-drive, Basic OpenStack operations, OpenStack CLI and APIs, Tenant model operations, Quotas, Private cloud building blocks, Controller deployment, Networking deployment, Block Storage deployment, Compute deployment, deploying and utilizing OpenStack in production environments, Building a production environment, Application or chestration using OpenStack Heat.

Practical:
1. Study and implementation of Infrastructure as a Service.
2. Installation and Configuration of virtualization using KVM.
3. Study and implementation of Infrastructure as a Service.
4. Study and implementation of Storage as a Service.
5. Study and implementation of identity management.
6. Study Cloud Security management.
7. Write a program for web feed.
8. Study and implementation of Single-Sing-On.
9. User Management in Cloud.
10. Case study on Amazon EC2/Microsoft Azure/Google Cloud Platform.

Computer Forensics
Introduction to Computer Forensics and standard procedure, Incident Verification and System Identification ,Recovery of Erased and damaged data, Disk Imaging and Preservation, Data Encryption and Compression, Automated Search Techniques, Forensics Software

Network Forensic :
Introduction to Network Forensics and tracking network traffic, Reviewing Network Logs, Network Forensics Tools, Performing Live Acquisitions, Order of Volatility, Standard Procedure.

Cell Phone and Mobile Device Forensics :
Overview, Acquisition Procedures for Cell Phones and Mobile Devices.

Internet Forensic:
Introduction to Internet Forensics, World Wide Web Threats, Hacking and Illegal access, Obscene and Incident transmission, Domain Name Ownership Investigation, Reconstructing past internet activities and events

E-mail Forensics:
e-mail analysis, e-mail headers and spoofing, Laws against e-mail Crime, Messenger Forensics: Yahoo Messenger.

Social Media Forensics:
Social Media Investigations

Browser Forensics:
Cookie Storage and Analysis, Analyzing Cache and temporary internet files, Web browsing activity reconstruction.

Investigation, Evidence presentation and Legal aspects of Digital Forensics:
Authorization to collect the evidence , Acquisition of Evidence, Authentication of the evidence, Analysis of the evidence, Reporting on the findings, Testimony.

Introduction to Legal aspects of Digital Forensics:
Laws & regulations, Information Technology Act, Giving Evidence in court, Case Study – Cyber Crime cases, Case Study – Cyber Crime cases

Practical:
1. Creating a Forensic Image using FTK Imager/Encase Imager :
a. Creating Forensic Image
b. Check Integrity of Data
c. Analyze Forensic Image
2. Data Acquisition:
a. Perform data acquisition using:
b. USB Write Blocker + Encase Imager
c. SATA Write Blocker + Encase Imager
d. Falcon Imaging Device
3. Forensics Case Study: Solve the Case study (image file) provide in lab using Encase Investigator or Autopsy
4. Capturing and analyzing network packets using Wireshark (Fundamentals) :
a. Identification the live network
b. Capture Packets
c. Analyze the captured packets
5. Analyze the packets provided in lab and solve the questions using Wireshark :
a. What web server software is used by www.snopes.com?
b. About what cell phone problem is the client concerned?
c. According to Zillow, what instrument will Ryan learn to play?
d. How many web servers are running Apache?
e. What hosts (IP addresses) think that jokes are more entertaining when they are explained?
6. Using Sysinternals tools for Network Tracking and Process Monitoring :
a. Check Sysinternals tools
b. Monitor Live Processes
c. Capture RAM
d. Capture TCP/UDP packets
e. Monitor Hard Disk
f. Monitor Virtual Memory
g. Monitor Cache Memory
7. Recovering and Inspecting deleted files
a. Check for Deleted Files
b. Recover the Deleted Files
c. Analyzing and Inspecting the recovered files
d. Perform this using recovery option in ENCASE and also Perform manually through command line
8. Acquisition of Cell phones and Mobile devices
9. Email Forensics
a. Mail Service Providers
b. Email protocols
c. Recovering emails
d. Analyzing email header
10. Web Browser Forensics
a. Web Browser working
b. Forensics activities on browser
c. Cache / Cookies analysis
d. Last Internet activity

Introduction to Information Retrieval:
Introduction, History of IR, Components of IR, and Issues related to IR, Boolean retrieval, Dictionaries and tolerant retrieval.

Link Analysis and Specialized Search:
Link Analysis, hubs and authorities, Page Rank and HITS algorithms, Similarity, Hadoop & Map Reduce, Evaluation, Personalized search, Collaborative filtering and content-based recommendation of documents and products, handling “invisible” Web, Snippet generation, Summarization, Question Answering, Cross- Lingual Retrieval.

Web Search Engine:
Web search overview, web structure, the user, paid placement, search engine optimization/spam, Web size measurement, search engine optimization/spam, Web Search Architectures.

XML retrieval:
Basic XML concepts, Challenges in XML retrieval, A vector space model for XML retrieval, Evaluation of XML retrieval, Text-centric versus data-centric XML retrieval.

Practical:
Practical may be done using software/tools like Python / Java / Hadoop
1. Write a program to demonstrate bitwise operation.
2. Implement Page Rank Algorithm.
3. Implement Dynamic programming algorithm for computing the edit distance between strings s1 and s2. (Hint. Levenshtein Distance)
4. Write a program to Compute Similarity between two text documents.
5. Write a map-reduce program to count the number of occurrences of each alphabetic character in the given dataset. The count for each letter should be case-insensitive (i.e., include both upper-case and lower-case versions of the letter; Ignore non-alphabetic characters).
6. Implement a basic IR system using Lucene.
7. Write a program for Pre-processing of a Text Document: stop word removal.
8. Write a program for mining Twitter to identify tweets for a specific period and identify trends and named entities.
9. Write a program to implement simple web crawler.
10. Write a program to parse XML text, generate Web graph and compute topic specific page rank.

Introduction to Image-processing System:
Introduction, Image Sampling, Quantization, Resolution, Human Visual Systems, Elements of an Image-processing System, Applications of Digital Image Processing

2D Signals and Systems:
2D signals, separable sequence, periodic sequence, 2D systems, classification of 2D systems, 2D Digital filter

Convolution and Correlation:
2D Convolution through graphical method, Convolution through 2D Z—transform, 2D Convolution through matrix analysis, Circular Convolution, Applications of Circular Convolution, 2D Correlation.

Image Transforms:
Need for transform, image transforms, Fourier transform, 2D Discrete Fourier Transform, Properties of 2D DFT, Importance of Phase, Walsh transform, Hadamard transform, Haar transform, Slant transform, Discrete Cosine transform, KL transform

Image Enhancement:
Image Enhancement in spatial domain, Enhancement trough Point operations, Histogram manipulation, Linear and nonlinear Gray Level Transformation, local or neighborhood operation, Median Filter, Spatial domain High pass filtering, Bit-plane slicing, Image Enhancement in frequency domain, Homomorphic filter, Zooming operation, Image Arithmetic

Binary Image processing:
Mathematical morphology, Structuring elements, Morphological image processing, Logical operations, Morphological operations, Dilation and Erosion, Distance Transform

Colour Image processing :
Colour images, Colour Model, Colour image quantization, Histogram of a colour image.

Image Segmentation:
Image segmentation techniques, Region approach, Clustering techniques, Thresholding, Edge-based segmentation, Edge detection, Edge Linking, Hough Transform

Image Compression:
Need for image compression, Redundancy in images, Image-compression scheme, Fundamentals of Information Theory, Run-length coding, Shannon-Fano coding, Huffman Coding, Arithmetic Coding, Transform-based compression, Image-compression standard

Practical:
Practical need to be performed using Scilab under Linux or Windows
1. 2D Linear Convolution, Circular Convolution between two 2D matrices
2. Circular Convolution expressed as linear convolution plus alias
3. Linear Cross correlation of a 2D matrix, Circular correlation between two signals and Linear auto correlation of a 2D matrix, Linear Cross correlation of a 2D matrix
4. DFT of 4x4 gray scale image
5. Compute discrete cosine transform, Program to perform KL transform for the given 2D matrix
6. Brightness enhancement of an image, Contrast Manipulation, image negative
7. Perform threshold operation, perform gray level slicing without background
8. Image Segmentation
9. Image Compression
10. Binary Image Processing and Colour Image processing

Introduction to Data Science:
What is Data? Different kinds of data, Introduction to high level programming language + Integrated Development Environment (IDE), Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) + Data Visualization, Different types of data sources.

Data Management:
Data Collection, Data cleaning/extraction, Data analysis & Modeling

Data Curation:
Query languages and Operations to specify and transform data, Structured/schema based systems as users and acquirers of data Semi-structured systems as users and acquirers of data, Unstructured systems in the acquisition and structuring of data, Security and ethical considerations in relation to authenticating and authorizing access to data on remote systems, Software development tools, Large scale data systems, Amazon Web Services(AWS).

Introduction to model selection:
Regularization, bias/variance tradeoff e.g. parsimony, AIC, BIC, Cross validation, Ridge regressions and penalized regression e.g. LASSO.

Data transformations Dimension reduction, Feature extraction, Smoothing and aggregating

Supervised Learning:
Regression, linear models, Regression trees, Time-series Analysis, Forecasting, Classification: classification trees, Logistic regression, separating hyperplanes, k-NN

Unsupervised Learning:
Principal Components Analysis (PCA), k-means clustering, Hierarchical clustering, Ensemble methods

Practical:
Practical shall be performed using R
1. Practical of Data collection, Data curation and management for Unstructured data (NoSQL)
2. Practical of Data collection, Data curation and management for Large-scale Data system (such asMongoDB)
3. Practical of Principal Component Analysis
4. Practical of Clustering
5. Practical of Time-series forecasting
6. Practical of Simple/Multiple Linear Regression
7. Practical of Logistics Regression
8. Practical of Hypothesis testing
9. Practical of Analysis of Variance
10. Practical of Decision Tree

Introduction to information security:
Asset, Access Control, CIA, Authentication, Authorization, Risk, Threat, Vulnerability, Attack, Attack Surface, Malware, Security-Functionality-Ease of Use Triangle

Types of malware:
Worms, viruses, Trojans, Spyware, Rootkits

Types of vulnerabilities : OWASP Top 10 :
cross-site scripting (XSS), cross site request forgery (CSRF/XSRF), SQL injection, input parameter manipulation, broken authentication, sensitive information disclosure, XML External Entities, Broken access control, Security Misconfiguration, Using components with known vulnerabilities, Insufficient Logging and monitoring, OWASP Mobile Top 10, CVE Database

Types of attacks and their common prevention mechanisms
Keystroke Logging, Denial of Service (DoS /DDoS), Waterhole attack, brute force, phishing and fake WAP, Eavesdropping, Man-in-the-middle, Session Hijacking, Clickjacking, Cookie Theft, URL Obfuscation, buffer overflow, DNS poisoning, ARP poisoning, Identity Theft, IoT Attacks, BOTs and BOTNETs

Case-studies:
Recent attacks – Yahoo, Adult Friend Finder, eBay, Equifax, WannaCry, Target Stores, Uber, JP Morgan Chase, Bad Rabbit

Introduction
Black Hat vs. Gray Hat vs. White Hat (Ethical) hacking, Why is Ethical hacking needed?, How is Ethical hacking different from security auditing and digital forensics?, Signing NDA, Compliance and Regulatory concerns, Black box vs. White box vs. Black box, Vulnerability assessment and Penetration Testing.

Approach : Planning
Threat Modeling, set up security verification standards, Set up security testing plan – When, which systems/apps, understanding functionality, black/gray/white, authenticated vs. unauthenticated, internal vs. external PT, Information gathering, Perform Manual and automated (Tools: WebInspect/Qualys, Nessus, Proxies, Metasploit) VA and PT, How WebInspect/Qualys tools work: Crawling/Spidering, requests forging, pattern matching to known vulnerability database and Analyzing results, Preparing report, Fixing security gaps following the report

Enterprise strategy:
Repeated PT, approval by security testing team, Continuous Application Security Testing,

Phases:
Reconnaissance/foot-printing/Enumeration, Phases: Scanning, Sniffing

Phases : Gaining and Maintaining Access : Systems hacking :
Windows and Linux – Metasploit and Kali Linux, Keylogging, Buffer Overflows, Privilege Escalation, Network hacking - ARP Poisoning, Password Cracking, WEP Vulnerabilities, MAC Spoofing, MAC Flooding, IPSpoofing, SYN Flooding, Smurf attack, Applications hacking : SMTP/Email-based attacks, VOIP vulnerabilities, Directory traversal, Input Manipulation, Brute force attack, Unsecured login mechanisms, SQL injection, XSS, Mobile apps security, Malware analysis : Netcat Trojan, wrapping definition, reverse engineering Phases : Covering your tracks : Steganography, Event Logs alteration Additional Security Mechanisms : IDS/IPS, Honeypots and evasion techniques, Secure Code Reviews (Fortify tool, OWASP Secure Coding Guidelines)

Practical:
1. Use Google and Whois for Reconnaissance
2. a. Use CrypTool to encrypt and decrypt passwords using RC4 algorithm
b. Use Cain and Abel for cracking Windows account password using Dictionary attack and to decode wireless network passwords
3. a. Run and analyze the output of following commands in Linux – ifconfig, ping, netstat, traceroute
b. Perform ARP Poisoning in Windows
4. Use NMap scanner to perform port scanning of various forms – ACK, SYN, FIN, NULL, XMAS
5. a. Use Wireshark (Sniffer) to capture network traffic and analyse
b. Use Nemesy to launch DoS attack
6. Simulate persistent cross-site scripting attack
7. Session impersonation using Firefox and Tamper Data add-on
8. Perform SQL injection attack
9. Create a simple keylogger using python
10. Using Metasploit to exploit (Kali Linux)